Zouave
 

 

Memories of Blue and Gray -- What is a Zouave? by Joseph F. Sherwood

Who are those colorful characters in bright red baggy bloomer-type trousers, tight sashes, small decorative vests, Fez-type caps that provide a big and prominent splash of color among the reenactors today?  Yet, they can inexplicable be found in the Union and Confederate armies during the war for Southern independence.  These incongruent warriors don't blend in with the rest of the braided & tasseled Blue and Gray uniforms of the Victorian era and the 19th Century soldiers of America.
I've heard this question being asked by spectators and reenactors alike after I took up the turbulent hobby of historical replays two years ago.
Zouave (pronounced zwav) is a French word that means Algerian soldier.  The name dates back to 1830 after France took control of Algeria and organized the fierce fighting Arabo-Berber tribesmen (who were not Arabs), that inhabited the rugged Kabylia region of the Northeast, into an infantry regiment.
The indigenous Arabs, of the 7th Century, invaded North Africa and brought Islam to the region.  Up to the 16th Century, the Almoravides and Almohades united the present Algeria with Morocco and Spain in a great Moorish empire.  Even today, King Hussen II of Morocco and his people still lay claim to the territory that is part of the great Sahara Desert known as Algeria.  20th Century soldiers of Morocco, Algeria and Libya still wear these same baggy trousers with the crotch at knee-level, a snug sash, small decorative vest and Fez that make up the colorful fighter that we identify today, in America, as a ZOUAVE.
But Wait!  That's not the end of this strange and fascinating, but true, story.  The Islamic religion of North Africa dictates that the low crotch design always exist and that the lower end of each trouser leg be tight at the ankles.  Why?  Because Muslims believe that Allah (God) will come back to Earth by way of man.
Mr. Joseph F. Sherwood (Owner of "Sherwood Writing & Photographic Services" - see ad) spent many years in Morocco and Libya studying the people and their ways.  Let us give him a warm welcome to TR!LM, and a special thanks for his enlightenment about the Zouave.
As some of you may recall back in 1993, (Issue: V2 # 3) we did a quick look at the Zouave, looking at the uniform based on French colonial units'.  I look forward to publishing an interview with a Zouave reenactor in an upcoming issue, which includes his perspective of proper wear of the uniform, etc. -- Take care!